[278], Earhart was a widely known international celebrity during her lifetime. ", "North Hollywood Amelia Earhart Regional Library | Los Angeles Public Library", "An Amelia Earhart statue joins the U.S. Capitol's Statuary Hall", "In Search of Amelia Earhart/Now We Are Three. The equipment originally used a long trailing wire antenna. A melia Earhart, the American aviator who broke barriers as the first woman to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean, vanished 80 years ago Sunday during an ambitious and historic attempt to circle. Earhart Light (also known as the Amelia Earhart Light), a navigational day beacon on Howland Island (has not been maintained and is crumbling). The Electra failed to establish two-way radio communications with USCGCItasca(1929) and failed to radiolocate Itasca. When a farm hand asked, "Have you flown far?" [65] Since most of the flight was on instruments and Earhart had no training for this type of flying, she did not pilot the aircraft. [206] As the plane closed with the island, it expected to be in radio contact with Itasca. Manning, having taken a leave of absence to do the flight, felt that there had been too many problems and delays. "[205] Between Earhart's low-on-fuel message at 7:42 AM and her last confirmed message at 8:43, her signal strength remained consistent, indicating that she never left the immediate Howland area as she ran out of fuel. Papers, 1944, n.d.: A Finding Aid. Their intended destination was Howland Island (04824N 1763659W / 0.80667N 176.61639W / 0.80667; -176.61639),[148] a flat sliver of land 6,500ft (2,000m) long and 1,600ft (500m) wide, 10ft (3m) high and 2,556 miles (2,221nmi; 4,113km) away. They have faded giving them a sepia appearance.". We will repeat this message. The flight resumed three days later from Luke Field with Earhart, Noonan and Manning on board. The flight from Oakland to Honolulu took 16 hours. [218] Simultaneously, Earhart experienced an exacerbation of her old sinus problem as her pain worsened and in early 1924 she was hospitalized for another sinus operation, which was again unsuccessful. She died on 29 October 1962. [84] At Cleveland, Earhart was placed third in the heavy division. Michael Everette, TIGHAR, Electra radios, TIGHAR, Electra radios; Gillespie, highlights, Radio logs, Position 1 first heard Earhart at, Hoodless states, "The bones included: (1) a skull with the right zygoma and malar bones broken off: (2) mandible with only four teeth in position: (3) part of the right scapula: (4) the first thoracic vertebra: (5) portion of a rib (? In theory, the plane could listen for the signal while rotating its loop antenna. "Old Bessie" started out as a Vega 5 built in 1928 as c/n 36, but was modified with a replacement fuselage to become a 5B. Dr. Carlene Mendieta flew an original Avro Avian, the same type that was used in 1928. Wait." [192][Note 39][193][Note 40] Sporadic signals were reported for four or five days after the disappearance but none yielded any understandable information. Johnson estimated that 900 gallons of fuel would provide 40% more range than required for that leg. [citation needed] To complete her image transformation, she also cropped her hair short in the style of other female flyers. [151] The Electra also loaded 900 gallons of fuel for the shorter Honolulu to Howland leg (with only Earhart, Noonan, and Manning on board), but the airplane crashed on take off; the crash ended the first world flight attempt. The Cambridge Instrument Co., Inc. indicator showed the fuel/air ratio for the engine. (Harres) Otis. Alfred Otis was a Kansas state judge and politician; he later became a U.S. District Court judge, and was chief warden of the Trinity Episcopal Church in Atchison, where the Otis family lived. [208] Based on these facts, and the lack of additional signals from Earhart, the Coast Guard first responders initiating the search concluded that she ran out of fuel somewhere very close to and north of Howland. [271], The theory that Earhart may have turned back mid-flight has been posited. While Earhart was away on a speaking tour in late November 1934, a fire broke out at the Putnam residence in Rye, destroying many family treasures and Earhart's personal mementos. Amelia Mary Earhart was born on July 24, 1897 in Atchison, Kansas to Amy Otis Earhart and Edwin Stanton Earhart, followed in 1899 by her sister Muriel. [34][35] There, Earhart heard stories from military pilots and developed an interest in flying. Sisters Amelia and Muriel (who went by her middle name from her teens on) remained with their grandparents in Atchison while their parents moved into new, smaller quarters in Des Moines. ", "Isn't it possible that Earhart could have been captured by the Japanese? According to records, Noonan was 6ft (1.8m) tall and Earhart was 5ft 8in (1.73m) and wore a size 6 shoe according to her sister. Amelia Mary Earhart was born July 24, 1897, in Atchison, to Samuel Edwin Stanton and Amelia (Otis) Earhart. They were the parents of at least 2 daughters. Jackie Cochran, another pioneering aviator and one of Earhart's friends, made a postwar search of numerous files in Japan and was convinced that the Japanese were not involved in Earhart's disappearance. Earhart acknowledged receiving these but said she was unable to determine their direction.[182]. Goerner's book was immediately challenged, but the. Given a chance, it is believed that Miss Earhart could have landed her aircraft in this lagoon and swum or waded ashore. Earhart was born on July 24, 1897 in Atchison, Kansas, the daughter of Samuel "Edwin" Stanton Earhart (1867-1930) and Amelia "Amy" (ne Otis; 1869-1962). ", "Missing: Believed Killed: Amelia Earhart, Amy Johnson, Glenn Miller & The Duke of Kent. 262. [214], Tom D. Crouch, senior curator of the National Air and Space Museum, has said the Electra is "18,000 ft. down" and compares its archaeological significance to the Titanic, saying, "the mystery is part of what keeps us interested. 3 references. The Otis house was auctioned along with all of its contents; Earhart was heartbroken and later described it as the end of her childhood. Hundreds of articles and scores of books have been written about her life, which is often cited as a motivational tale, especially for girls. Amelia Earhart Earthwork in Warnock Lake Park, Atchison, Kansas. "[195], Beginning approximately one hour after Earhart's last recorded message, the USCGC Itasca undertook an ultimately unsuccessful search north and west of Howland Island based on initial assumptions about transmissions from the aircraft. ", "Model, Static, Pitcairn PCA-2 ("Beech-Nut"). This delayed the occupation of their new home for several months. [254], In 1990, the NBC series Unsolved Mysteries broadcast an interview with a Saipanese woman who claimed to have witnessed Earhart and Noonan's execution by Japanese soldiers. [43] Due to the newness of the coat, she was subjected to teasing, so she aged her coat by sleeping in it and staining it with aircraft oil. ", "Public to get first look at Amelia Earhart's private life. Franklin D. Roosevelt was not in favor of his wife becoming a pilot. "[183] Earhart's transmissions seemed to indicate she and Noonan believed they had reached Howland's charted position, which was incorrect by about five nautical miles (10km). While at work one afternoon in April 1928, Earhart got a phone call from Capt. "Wings of Dreams - May 28, 1997" (transcript). [104] She intended to fly to Paris in her single engine Lockheed Vega 5B to emulate Charles Lindbergh's solo flight five years earlier. During this visit, Bevington took a picture of the SS. Putnam, who was known as GP, was divorced in 1929 and sought out Earhart, proposing to her six times before she finally agreed to marry him. [2][Note 1] Earhart was the first female aviator to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean. [124] Putnam had already sold his interest in the New York-based publishing company to his cousin, Palmer Putnam. Edwin was a lawyer and served as the dean of the Ohio Northern University College of Law. ", "Purdue unveils Amelia Earhart sculpture. Amelia Earhart was the daughter of Edwin Stanton Earhart and Amelia "Amy" Otis Earhart. Amelia Earhart was born on July 24, 1897, in Atchison, Kansas. reported that he and other members of a forward patrol on Japanese-occupied New Britain had found a wrecked twin-engined, unpainted all-metal aircraft. Due to Edwin's job, the couple moved often and left the girls to stay with their grandparents in Atchison, KS. [167] A dorsal Vee antenna was added by Bell Telephone Laboratories. The notation for Amelia Earhart's pilot's license as exhibited in the Smithsonian Institution is: "This is Amelia Earhart's first pilot's license. The Gardner Island hypothesis assumes that Earhart and Noonan, unable to find Howland Island, would not waste time searching for it, instead turning to the south to look for other islands. Amelia Mary Earhart (/rhrt/ AIR-hart, born July 24, 1897; disappeared July 2, 1937; declared dead January 5, 1939) was an American aviation pioneer and writer. Earhart's voice transmissions to Howland were on 3105kHz, a frequency restricted in the United States by the FCC to aviation use. 1,395 1,038; 645 KB. Memo to Operations Manager, Pacific Division, Pan American Airlines, April 29, 1935: "The inaccuracies of direction finding bearings can be very definitely cataloged: twilight effects, faint signals, wide splits of minima and inaccurate calibration.". [Note 24][Note 25] It is not clear that such a receiver was installed, and if it were, it may have been removed before the flight. Safford concluded that the flight had suffered from "poor planning, worse execution". The loop antenna and not the receiver ordinarily limit RDF. [38] She was hospitalized for pneumonia in early November 1918 and discharged in December 1918, about two months after the illness had started. She was only the 16th woman in the United States to receive a pilot's license from the Fdration Aronautique Internationale, the governing body of sports aviation.". Many explanations have been proposed for those failures. [149] While apparently near Howland Island, Earhart reported receiving a 7500kHz signal from Itasca, but she was unable to obtain an RDF bearing. Add to calendar Google Calendar iCalendar Outlook 365 Outlook Live Details Date: May 20 [76] Accepting a position as associate editor at Cosmopolitan magazine, she turned this forum into an opportunity to campaign for greater public acceptance of aviation, especially focusing on the role of women entering the field. [157][158] The Hooven Radio Compass was replaced with a Bendix coupling unit that allowed a conventional loop antenna to be attached to an existing receiver (i.e., the Western Electric 20B). The Electra's RDF equipment had failed due to a blown fuse during an earlier leg flying to Darwin; the fuse was replaced. Earhart". Using 900 gallons was 250 gallons less than the Electra's maximum fuel tank capacity; that meant a weight savings of 1,500 pounds (680kg), so Earhart included Mantz as a passenger on that leg. Investigations and significant public interest in their disappearance still continue over 80 years later. [129], In 1935, Earhart joined Purdue University as a visiting faculty member to counsel women on careers and as a technical advisor to its Department of Aeronautics. Earhart was inspired to create a home version of the roller coaster she saw at the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair. She received the United States Distinguished Flying Cross for this accomplishment. Setting off on May 8, her flight was uneventful, although the large crowds that greeted her at Newark, New Jersey, were a concern,[120] because she had to be careful not to taxi into the throng. [10] Nearly one year and six months after she and Noonan disappeared, Earhart was officially declared dead. Earhart's 1930 pilot's license states she was 5ft 8in (173cm) and 118lb (54kg). She had called a meeting of female pilots in 1929 following the Women's Air Derby. High numbers are rich mixtures; lower numbers are lean mixtures. San Diego: Lucent Books, 1995. Many researchers believe that Earhart and Noonan ran out of fuel while searching for Howland Island, ditched at sea, and died. In 1895, after several years of courtship, AO married Edwin Stanton Earhart (ESE), a poor, young lawyer who had yet to prove himself truly worthy to the Otises' satisfaction. ", "New lunar crater named after aviation pioneer Earhart. [264][265], A number of Earhart's relatives have been convinced that the Japanese were somehow involved in Amelia's disappearance, citing unnamed witnesses including Japanese troops and Saipan natives. ", "Barbie unveils dolls based on Amelia Earhart, Frida Kahlo, Katherine Johnson and Chloe Kim", "Amelia Earhart Tribute 40450 | Miscellaneous | Buy online at the Official LEGO Shop US", "Fantastic Fiction.com Or Even Eagle Flew", "Six snapshots taken at Wheeler Field, Oahu, January, 1935. Amelia's grandfather was a retired federal judge . [Note 27] In the later DU-1 design, the coupler need not be powered. [243][244] The marketing campaign by both Earhart and Putnam was successful in establishing the Earhart mystique in the public psyche. "[83], Earhart subsequently made her first attempt at competitive air racing in 1929 during the first Santa Monica-to-Cleveland Women's Air Derby (nicknamed the "Powder Puff Derby" by Will Rogers), which left Santa Monica, California on August 18 and arrived at Cleveland, Ohio on August 26. The Lost Evidence proposed that a Japanese ship seen in the photograph was the Koshu Maru, a Japanese military ship. The initial contract was for 12 hours of instruction, for $500. [204], Back in the United States, Putnam acted to become the trustee of Earhart's estate so that he could pay for the searches and related bills. Noonan, Fred. Putnam said upper limit was 1400kHz; Long and Long say 1430kHz; on 26 June 1937 1930GMT, San Francisco station of the Coast Guard quote Earhart: "Following information from Earhart this date quote homing device covers from 200 to 1500 and 2400 to 4800kHz any frequencies not repeat not near ends of bands suitable unquote". Earhart had her first lesson on January 3, 1921, at Kinner Field on the west side of Long Beach Boulevard and Tweedy Road,[51] now in the city of South Gate. The first two days were marked by rumors and misinformation regarding radio transmission capabilities of the Lockheed Model 10 Electra that were finally resolved by the aircraft company. [159], Whichever receiver was used, there are pictures of Earhart's radio direction finder loop antenna and its 5-band Bendix coupling unit. Have been unable to reach you by radio. At Lae, problems with transmission quality on 6210kHz were noticed. Amy Otis Earhart was born in 1869. When Amelia Jane Otis was born on 28 February 1869, in Atchison, Atchison, Kansas, United States, her father, Alfred Gideon Otis, was 41 and her mother, Amelia Josephine Harres, was 32. "By the time I had got two or three hundred feet [6090m] off the ground," she said, "I knew I had to fly. While working as a social worker in Boston in the early 1920s, Earhart learned to fly. Miss Earhart regretted that the D/F receiver installed in her aircraft was not functioning therefore an inspection of this received [. Two notable memorial flights by female aviators subsequently followed Earhart's original circumnavigational route. "An American Obsession". She completed the flight without incident on July 11, 2014. Soon after, she found employment first as a teacher, then as a social worker in 1925 at Denison House, a Boston settlement house. In a letter written to Putnam and hand-delivered to him on the day of the wedding, she wrote, "I want you to understand I shall not hold you to any midaevil [sic] code of faithfulness to me nor shall I consider myself bound to you similarly." Earhart apparently did not understand the limitations of the RDF equipment. [132], Although the Electra was publicized as a "flying laboratory", little useful science was planned and the flight was arranged around Earhart's intention to circumnavigate the globe along with gathering raw material and public attention for her next book. The Think Different advert features images of people that changed the world for the better. In order to operate the radio for any length of time, the aircraft would have had to be standing more or less upright on its landing gear with the right engine running in order to charge the 50-watt transmitter's battery, which would have consumed six gallons of fuel per hour. When the selector switch is in the "R" (receive) position, the antenna signal is routed through a vacuum tube. [199], The official search efforts lasted until July 19, 1937. [173] Near Howland, Earhart could hear the transmission from Itasca on 7500kHz, but she was unable to determine a minimum, so she could not determine a direction to Itasca. The later typewritten note has the word medieval incorrectly spelled. [161] During the first world flight attempt's leg from Honolulu to Howland (when Manning was a navigator), Itasca was supposed to transmit a CW homing beacon at either 375kHz or 500kHz. Five years later in 1914, he was forced to retire and although he attempted to rehabilitate himself through treatment, he was never reinstated at the Rock Island Railroad. She would then have tried to reach the airfield at Rabaul, New Britain (northeast of mainland Papua New Guinea), approximately 2,200 miles (3,500km) from Howland. [219] During the flight, Noonan may have been able to do some celestial navigation to determine his position. [74] Her concept of simple, natural lines matched with wrinkle-proof, washable materials was the embodiment of a sleek, purposeful, but feminine "A.E." Her summers were spent in Kansas City, Missouri, where her lawyer-father worked for the Rock . The planes saw signs of recent habitation and the November 1929 wreck of the SSNorwich City, but did not see any signs of Earhart's plane or people. American aviation pioneer and author (18971937), "Earhart" redirects here. After the Navy ended its search, G. P. Putnam undertook a search in the Phoenix Group and other islands,[215] but nothing was found. The meandering tour eventually brought the pair to Boston, Massachusetts, where Earhart underwent another sinus operation which was more successful. Amy Otis Earhart was born in 1869 to Alfred and Amelia Otis. "[53], The next month Earhart recruited Neta Snook to be her flying instructor. She presumably died in the Pacific during the circumnavigation, just three weeks prior to her fortieth birthday. They could not send voice at the frequency she asked for, so Morse code signals were sent instead. [67] She flew the Avro Avian 594 Avian III, SN: R3/AV/101 owned by Lady Mary Heath and later purchased the aircraft and had it shipped back to the United States (where it was assigned "unlicensed aircraft identification mark" 7083).[68]. It should also be noted that questioners who spell her last name . UCI Irvine Amelia Earhart Award (since 1990). Amelia Earhart was born in Atchison, Kansas to Edwin and Amy Otis Earhart. [209], In 1982, retired USN rear admiral Richard R. Black, who was in administrative charge of the Howland Island airstrip and was present in the radio room on the Itasca, asserted that "the Electra went into the sea about 10am, July 2, 1937, not far from Howland". Focus on Amelia's mother, Amy Otis Earhart. [Note 11] After a flight lasting 14 hours, 56 minutes, during which she contended with strong northerly winds, icy conditions and mechanical problems, Earhart landed in a pasture at Culmore, north of Derry, Northern Ireland. They were divorced about 1924. The height of the antenna is important, a horizontally polarized antenna operating at a small fraction of its wavelength above the ground will be less efficient than that same antenna operating at. [254], The 2019 National Geographic special Expedition Amelia depicts an August 2019 search for Earhart's aircraft off Nikumaroro's reef conducted by ocean explorer Robert Ballard, who has found several ocean wrecks including the Titanic. [178] It was at this point that the radio operators on the Itasca realized that their RDF system could not tune in the aircraft's 3105kHz frequency; radioman Leo Bellarts later commented that he "was sitting there sweating blood because I couldn't do a darn thing about it." [122][Note 16] Early in 1936, Earhart started planning a round-the-world flight. In probate court in Los Angeles, Putnam requested to have the "declared death in absentia" seven-year waiting period waived so that he could manage Earhart's finances. She was born in Atchison, Kansas, on July 24, 1897, in the home of her maternal grandfather, Alfred Gideon Otis. [197] A week after the disappearance, naval aircraft from the Colorado flew over several islands in the group including Gardner Island (now called Nikumaroro), which had been uninhabited for over 40 years. [163] The later 3-band DU-1 covered 200kHz1600kHz. "[172], Earhart's stepson George Palmer Putnam Jr. has been quoted as saying he believes "the plane just ran out of gas". The family moved from Kansas to Iowa to Minnesota to Illinois, where Earhart graduated from high school. [43] She was booked for a passenger flight the following day at Emory Roger's Field, at the corner[52] of Wilshire Boulevard and Fairfax Avenue. ", "Amelia Earhart's Flight Across America: Rediscovering a Legend. But like all the other evidence obtained here over the decades, there is no provable link to Amelia or her plane."[255]. [230][240][241] They have suggested that Earhart and Noonan may have flown without further radio transmissions[242] for two and a half hours along the line of position Earhart noted in her last transmission received at Howland, then found the then-uninhabited Gardner Island, landed the Electra on an extensive reef flat near the wreck of a large freighter (the SS Norwich City) on the northwest side of the atoll, and ultimately perished. Earhart would fly and Manning would navigate. The plan was the cutter could: communicate with Earhart's aircraft via radio; transmit a radio homing signal to make it easy to find Howland Island without precise celestial navigation; do radio direction finding if Earhart used her 500kHz transmitter; use an experimental high-frequency direction finder for Earhart's voice transmissions; and use her boilers to "make smoke" (create a dark column of smoke that can be seen over the horizon). Subscribe to Iconic: http://bit.ly/zVEuIYAmelia Earhart explaining her flight and the welcome she received. However, a few moments later she was back on the same frequency (3105kHz) with a transmission that was logged as "questionable": "We are running on line north and south. and a realistic portrait of a legendary woman. When Amelia "Amy" Jane Otis was born on 28 February 1869, in Atchison, Kansas, United States, her father, Alfred Gideon Otis, was 41 and her mother, Amelia Josephine Harres, was 32. If the RDF equipment was not suitable for that frequency, then attempting such a fix would be operator error and fruitless. ", "Timeline: Equal Rights Amendment, Phase One: 19211972. [46][47] However, she changed her mind and enrolled in a course in medical studies and other programs at Columbia University. A separate automatic radio direction finder receiver, a prototype Hooven Radio Compass,[156] had been installed in the plane in October 1936, but that receiver was removed before the flight to save weight. Manning did a navigation fix, but that fix alarmed Putnam, because Manning's position put them in the wrong state. [61] Earhart also flew the first official flight out of Dennison Airport in 1927. Wife of Samuel Stanton Earhart married 16 Oct 1895 in Atchison, Atchison, Kansas, United States Descendants Mother of Unnamed Infant Earhart , Amelia Mary Earhart and Grace Muriel (Earhart) Morrissey Died 29 Oct 1962 at age 93 in Medford, Middlesex, Massachusetts, United States Amelia was born in 1897 and her sister Muriel in 1899. ", "Lockheed Model 10E Electra c/n: 1055 Reg: NR16020. [14] From an early age, Earhart was the ringleader while her sister Grace Muriel Earhart (18991998), two years her junior, acted as the dutiful follower. [73] Rather than simply endorsing the products, Earhart actively became involved in the promotions, especially in women's fashions. Letter, Hooven to Goerner, December 5, 1966. (the familiar name she went by with family and friends). She was also a member of the National Woman's Party and an early supporter of the Equal Rights Amendment. In 1895, after several years of courtship, Amy Otis married Edwin Stanton Earhart, a poor, young lawyer who had yet to prove himself truly worthy to the Otises' satisfaction. Further, a review of sonar data concluded it was most likely a coral ridge. Noonan also navigated the China Clipper on its first flight to Manila, departing Alameda under the command of Captain Ed Musick, on November 22, 1935. The extra fuel would cover some contingencies such as headwinds and searching for Howland. ", 'Aviators: Amelia Earhart's Autogiro Adventures. [57] [Note 6], Throughout the early 1920s, following a disastrous investment in a failed gypsum mine, Earhart's inheritance from her grandmother, which was now administered by her mother, steadily diminished until it was exhausted. Aviator Born Amelia Mary EARHART American aviation pioneer and author Born on July 24, 1897 in Atchison, Kansas, USA , United States Died on January 05, 1939 in Declared Legally Dead Born on July 24 35 Deceased on January 05 38 Family tree Report an error Earhart David 1779 - 1848 Altman Catherine Elizabeth 1788 - 1870 Patton John 1791 - Wells Earhart began whistling into the microphone to provide a continual signal for them to home in on. [43], On October 22, 1922, Earhart flew the Airster to an altitude of 14,000 feet (4,300m), setting a world record for female pilots. Amelia Earhart (1898/07/24 - 1937/07/02) Aviadora estadounidense La primera mujer que cruz el Atlntico en avin. [151][Note 23] The model 20B receiver has two antenna inputs: a low-frequency antenna input and a high-frequency antenna input. Ultimately, the Electra ended up at the United States Navy's Luke Field on Ford Island in Pearl Harbor. For other uses, see. The many scattered clouds in the area around Howland Island have also been cited as a problem: their dark shadows on the ocean surface may have been almost indistinguishable from the island's subdued and very flat profile. Due to lubrication and galling problems with the propeller hubs' variable pitch mechanisms, the aircraft needed servicing in Hawaii. General Leigh Wade flew with Earhart in 1929: "She was a born flier, with a delicate touch on the stick. ", "Life Hero of the Week Profile: Amelia Earhart; First Lady of the Sky. [275], In November 2006, the National Geographic Channel aired episode two of the Undiscovered History series about a claim that Earhart survived the world flight, moved to New Jersey, changed her name, remarried and became Irene Craigmile Bolam. Some have suggested that Earhart and Noonan survived and landed elsewhere, but were either never found or killed, making en-route locations like Tarawa unlikely. In 1940, British officials retrieved a partial human skeleton from a remote part of Nikumaroro; a physician subsequently measured the bones and concluded they came from a man. When operated above their design frequency, loop antennas lose their directionality. Amelia Otis was the granddaughter of Gebhard Harres, a German settler well known for his work in the Lutheran Church. We will repeat this on 6210 kilocycles. Her sister, Muriel, was born two and a half years later. "I did not understand it at the time," she said, "but I believe that little red airplane said something to me as it swished by."[45]. Several unsupported theories have become known in popular culture. [38] Her sinus-related symptoms were pain and pressure around one eye and copious mucus drainage via the nostrils and throat. ", "Parks Airport Lockheed Vega 5C Special NX/NR/NC965Y. ", "The Perils of Flying Solo: Amelia Earhart and Feminist Individualism", "A/E11/M-129, Earhart, Amy Otis, 18691962. Ballard's expedition had more sophisticated search equipment than TIGHAR used on its expedition in 2012. "Eighty years since famed flight; Anniversary Amelia Earhart's stop in Saint John may have been brief but pivotal in record-breaking feat". (Miss Earhart had been advised of the facilities and the Station's wave length prior to departure from Koepang). She made it as far as New Guinea. [259] Various purported photographs of Earhart during her captivity have been identified as either fraudulent or having been taken before her final flight.